You can click on the underlined words in green to see the
meaning in Arabic.
1. Verb TO BE
|
The verb to be expresses
conditions and states that we do not expect to change. It is a
stative verb. These verbs express state of being, descriptions, relationships, emotions.
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Compare |
|---|
| I am hungry. | She is a teacher. | Ahmad and Nabeel are cousins. |
2. Present
| Singular |
|---|
| Long form |
Short form |
Example |
Negation |
Question |
| I am |
I'm |
I am thirsty. |
I am not thirsty. |
Am I thirsty? |
| You are |
You're |
You are hungry. |
You are not (aren't)
hungry. |
Are you hungry? |
| He is |
He's |
He is smart. |
He is not (isn't)
smart. |
Is he smart? |
| She is |
She's |
She is hungry. |
She is not (isn't)
hungry. |
Is she hungry? |
| It is |
It's |
It is hungry. |
It is not (isn't)
hungry. |
Is it hungry? |
3. Present
| Plural |
| Long form |
Short form |
Example |
Negation |
Question |
| We are |
We're |
We are thirsty. |
We are not (aren't)
thirsty. |
Are we thirsty? |
| You are |
You're |
You are healthy. |
You are not (aren't)
healthy. |
Are you healthy? |
| They are |
They're |
They are students. |
They are not (aren't)
students. |
Are they students? |
4. Past
| Singular |
|---|
| Long form |
Example |
Negation |
Question |
| I was |
I was thirsty. |
I was not (wasn't) thirsty. |
Was I thirsty? |
| You were |
You were hungry. |
You were not (weren't)
hungry. |
Were you hungry? |
| He was |
He was smart. |
He was not (wasn't)
smart. |
Was he smart? |
| She was |
She was hungry. |
She was not (wasn't)
hungry. |
Was she hungry? |
| It was |
It was hungry. |
It was not (wasn't)
hungry. |
Was it hungry? |
5. Past
| Plural |
| Long form |
Example |
Negation |
Question |
| We were |
We were thirsty. |
We were not (weren't)
thirsty. |
Were we thirsty? |
| You were |
You were healthy. |
You were not (weren't)
healthy. |
Were you healthy? |
| They were |
They were students. |
They were not (weren't)
students. |
Were they students? |
6. Wh-words + To be
|
We use wh-words such as who, where, what,
when, etc. to ask questions about locations (where), people
(who), things (which), state, quality and degree of an action (how),
reason of an action or state (why).
|
|---|
What is your score? | My score is 90. |
|
Where are you from? | I'm from
KSA. |
|
How am I doing? You're doing fine. | Why is he happy? Because
he is going to college.
|
7. There is / There are
|
There is and There are are used to introduce a topic
that you haven't mentioned before.They fill the subject position. They are also used to make
announcements, describe things, and state facts. |
| Statement |
Negative |
Question |
Short answer |
| There is a book on the desk. |
There isn't a book here. |
Is there a book here? |
No, there isn't./ Yes, there is. |
There are many trees in the
backyard. |
There aren't many trees in the
backyard. |
Are there many trees in the
backyard? |
No, there aren't. / Yes, there are. |
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